Water Disinfection Chemicals: Introduction
- Water disinfection entails the removal, deactivation, or elimination of pathogenic microorganisms. Microorganisms are destroyed or deactivated, resulting in termination of growth and reproduction.
- Sterilization is a process related to disinfection. However, all microorganisms are killed during the sterilization process, both harmful and harmless microorganisms.
- Chlorine dioxide and ozone are the commonly used water disinfection chemicals, while monochloramine is used as a residual disinfectant for distribution. Chlorineis a widely used disinfectant chemical. Monitoring the content level of chlorine is important while using it in drinking water, as it is an indicator of disinfection. Residual concentration of chlorine should be less than 0.6 mg/l. If it exceeds this, it can cause issues of acceptability for some customers on the basis of taste. Chlorine reacts with natural occurring organic matter in raw water to form a range of unwanted by-products.
- Compounds that are widely considered as representatives of chlorination byproducts are trihalomethanes (THMs), which include chloroform, bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane, and bromoform. Haloacetic acids (HAAs) such as monochloroacetate, dichloroacetate, and trichloroacetate can also be formed as the result of reaction of chlorine with organic matter contained in raw water. Some countries monitor HAAs as well as THMs; however, HAAs are much more difficult and expensive to analyze than THMs.
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Water Disinfection Chemicals: Chemical Segment
- In terms of chemical, the global water disinfection chemicals market can be segmented into chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, chloramine, ozone, ultra violet, hydrogen peroxide, bromine, and others
- The chlorine segment is expected to account for significant share of the global water disinfection chemicals market during the forecast period. It is anticipated to be followed by the sodium hypochlorite segment.
- The chlorine dioxide segment is likely to expand at a rapid pace during the forecast period, due to the expansion of waste water treatment plants around the globe
Covid-19 Impact on Water Disinfection Chemicals Market
- On January 30, 2020, the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee of the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak a public health emergency of international concern. Originating in China, the virus has spread to at least 213 countries and territories around the world.
- Water treatment chemicals are used in applications, such as treating used or polluted water from various end-use industries, including residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. They are generally used to treat contaminated water in water treatment plants. However, the ongoing pandemic has severely affected the global the chemical industry. Manpower shortage, logistical restrictions, material unavailability, and other restrictions have slowed the growth of the industry.
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Asia Pacific to Dominate Water Disinfection Chemicals Market
- In terms of region, the global water disinfection chemicals market can be divided into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East Africa
- North America and Europe are the major regions of the water disinfection chemicals market, led by the growth in the chemical treatment industry in these regions. Companies operating in the water disinfection chemicals market in Asia Pacific and Latin America are investing significantly in research and development activities.
Key Manufacturers Operating in Global Water Disinfection Chemicals Market
The global water disinfection chemicals market was consolidated in 2020. Major players have prominent presence in developed and developing countries. Key manufacturers operating in the global water disinfection chemicals market include:
- BASF SE
- Ecolab Inc.
- Kemira OYJ
- Solenis LLC
- Akzo Nobel N.V.
- Baker Hughes Incorporated
Global Water Disinfection Chemicals Market: Research Scope
Global Water Disinfection Chemicals Market, by Chemical
- Chlorine
- Sodium Hypochlorite
- Chlorine Dioxide
- Chloramine
- Ozone
- Ultra Violet
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Bromine
- Others
Key Drivers and Restraints of Global Water Disinfection Chemicals Market
- Chlorine dioxide is also a widely used disinfectant chemical in the water disinfection chemicals market. Chlorine dioxide breaks down to leave inorganic chemicals (chlorite and chlorate). These are managed by controlling the dose of chlorine dioxide applied to the water. Chlorite can also be found in hypochlorite solution that has been allowed to age. Ozone is used as a primary disinfectant that cannot be monitored in drinking water, since it leaves no residues. Ozonation in the presence of inorganic bromide gives rise to low concentrations of bromate.
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- Various disinfectants are used to disinfect water. Water disinfection chemicals include chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, chloramines, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and bromine. Water disinfection can be performed by filtering out harmful microorganisms and adding disinfectant chemicals. During the filtration process, water is disinfected to kill active pathogens that pass through the filters and provide residual dose of disinfectant, which kills or inactivates harmful micro-organisms in storage and distribution systems.
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