The Cobalt Market integral to various high-tech applications, saw a demand of 137.26 kilo tons in 2023 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9%, reaching 250.92 kilo tons by 2030. This surge is driven primarily by the booming electric vehicle (EV) sector, which increasingly relies on cobalt for lithium-ion batteries.
Report Coverage Details:
• Base Year: 2023
• Forecast Period: 2024-2030
• Historical Data: 2018 to 2023
• Market Size in 2023: 137.26 Kilo tons.
• Forecast Period 2024 to 2030 CAGR: 9%
• Market Size in 2030: 250.92 Kilo tons.
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Key Insights:
- Applications: Cobalt is crucial in manufacturing lithium-ion batteries, cutting tools, magnetic materials, and petrochemical catalysts. Notably, 98% of cobalt is a by-product of nickel extraction.
- Global Trade: In 2023, the global cobalt trade was valued at $4.83 billion. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) led as the top exporter with a market share of $1.91 billion, while China emerged as the top importer with $2.13 billion.
- Supply Dynamics: The DRC dominates global cobalt production, contributing around 69% of mined cobalt. However, the industry faces criticism over ethical concerns related to mining practices in this region.
Demand Drivers:
- Battery Technologies: Cobalt is essential in various battery technologies:
- Lithium-Cobalt Oxide (LCO) Batteries: Common in portable devices but with limited lifespan and stability.
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Batteries: Offer longer lifespan and higher energy density, used in medical devices and EVs.
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA) Batteries: Known for superior energy densities, utilized in electric powertrains and industrial applications.
- Industrial Uses: Cobalt is used in cutting tools, super alloys, and permanent magnets, with significant applications in aerospace and automotive industries.
Supply and Recycling:
Cobalt is mainly produced from copper and nickel-associated ores. Recycling efforts are expected to increase as cobalt prices rise and demand for used EV batteries grows. Currently, recycling contributes around 10 kilo tons to the supply, with potential for expansion as recycling technology advances.
Regional Insights:
- Africa: Dominates the cobalt market with the DRC contributing 71% of global production.
- North America: Holds significant reserves, particularly in Canada, and is seeing increased investment in cobalt exploration.
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Market Segmentation and Scope
Segmentation:
- By Application:
- Battery Chemicals
- Super Alloys
- Ceramics and Pigments
- Hard Metals
- Magnets
- Binder Materials
- Life Sciences
- Others
- By Form:
- Metal
- Chemical Compound
- By End User:
- Alloys
- Magnets
- Hard Materials
- Catalysts
- Inks and Dyes
- Batteries
- Others
Regional Breakdown:
- North America: United States, Canada, Mexico
- Europe: UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Austria, Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific: China, South Korea, Japan, India, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Rest of APAC
- Middle East and Africa: South Africa, GCC, Egypt, Nigeria, Rest of MEA
Key Players:
- Glencore plc (Switzerland)
- Umicore (Belgium)
- Vale S.A. (Brazil)
- Jinchuan Group International Resources Co. Ltd. (Hong Kong)
- Huayou Cobalt Co. Ltd. (China)
- Freeport Cobalt (Finland)
- Sherritt International Corporation (Canada)
- BHP (Australia)
- Eramet (France)
- Votorantim Metals SA (Brazil)
The global cobalt market is set for substantial growth, driven by advances in battery technology and increased demand for electric vehicles. Companies and stakeholders should remain attentive to market dynamics and ethical sourcing practices to navigate this evolving industry landscape.
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